Social Problem Abortion

Introduction From a historical point of view, abortion has found use as one of the ways to prevent births in the society. It was only in mid-nineteenth century that the United States legally prohibited the practice. Until the 1960s, no one appeared to challenge the laws that had been enacted to prohibit the procurement of abortion. However, during the 1960s, the abortion laws were successfully challenged by an abortion reform movement.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Social Problem: Abortion specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This led to the modification of a number of the state laws to allow physicians to procure abortions, but on the basis of the specific cases at hand (Lamanna Reidmann, p. 286). This has effectively culminated in a heated debate between on the one hand, pro-life activities and on the other hand, their pro-choice counterparts. As such, abortion remains a major political, religious and social iss ue. Throughout the various cultures and historical periods, there has been a variation in the societal attitudes regarding the issue of abortion. Many researchers have endeavored to undertake the attitudes and views of the various groups of individuals within the society on the issue of abortion. A majority of these surveys are in the form of opinion polls, and the study respondents differ in terms of geographical regions, race, gender, religious backgrounds, and age, among other variables. In light of this, the research paper shall endeavor to discuss the various views and attitudes held by the diverse members of the society regarding the issue of abortion. Further, the paper shall also attempt to identify an approach of finding a common round on the problem at hand. Societal attitudes and views on abortion Attitudes and views of medical professionals Societal attitudes and views on abortion differ on the basis of professionalism, gender, age, and geographical region, among other v ariations. For example, a study on the attitudes of medical students in the UK on abortion that was carried out by Gleeson et al (2008) revealed that only limited research has been carried out into the attitudes of doctors and medical students regarding the issue of abortion. His is despite that fact that policy makers need to be fully informed about the views of the health care professionals who are involved directly in the provision of abortion services. As such, a change in the views of these professionals could in fact have practical consequences in as far as the provision of abortion services is concerned, in the days ahead. In their study, Gleeson et al (2008) surveyed a total of 300 medical students regarding their views and attitudes on abortions. In addition, the medical students were also interviewed about their beliefs regarding the rights of the mother, the status of the fetus.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your f irst paper with 15% OFF Learn More The researchers also sought to assess the attitudes of the medical students towards the laws of abortion in the UK, along with their willingness to partake in the procurement of abortion, once they had qualified as medical doctors. Of the 300 medical students interviewed, 63 % of them were pro-choice. The willingness of the students to partake in the procurement of abortion was significantly correlated with the views that they held regarding the issue of abortion, the extent to which they would be required to participate in abortion provision, pregnancy stage, and circumstances surrounding the pregnancy (Gleeson et al 2008). The study findings helps to reveal that even among the general practitioners, there is still a wide division between pro-choice and pro-life in as far as their views and attitudes on the issue of abortion are concerned. Social attitudes on abortion among the U. S public A 2003 Gallup poll conducted in the U.S revealed that most Americans were of the opinion that the Roe v. Wade decision in 1973 by the Supreme Court to legalize abortion should still remain as the recognized law of abortion in the United States. The survey revealed that 85% of the Americans would support the procurement of abortion if the life of a mother is in danger. In addition, 46 percent of the study’s respondents revealed that they would choose pro-life in the event of an abortion, with an equal number (46 percent) choosing the pro-life label. Public opinion approval regarding abortion varies tremendously depending on the various trimesters of pregnancy. For example, two-thirds of the respondents to the opinion poll said that they would approve for abortion during the first-trimester. On the other hand, over two-thirds of the respondents disapproved later-stage abortions. There is also an apparent decline in the approval of abortion among young people. For example, a national survey that was carried out by UCLA on coll ege freshmen revealed that 55 percent were pro-choice, in comparison with 10 years earlier, when the number of pro-choice respondents was 64 percent. This is an indication of a widening shift towards pro-life among the American youths.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Social Problem: Abortion specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Attitudes and views of the public on abortion In their population Matters program, RAND undertook a study that was directed at the American public to assess their view regarding family planning, and its connection with abortion. Some 1,500 Americans were involved in this survey. The research findings of this survey helped to reveal that the attitudes of the public on the issue of abortion only avert a trivial amount of influence in as far as shaping of the public attitude of Americans toward family planning. On the question of whether family planning means abortion, 52 percent of the responde d answered that abortion was not part of family planning (Patterson Adamson 1999). In addition, a further 46 percent of the responded were of the opinion that family planning also included abortion. The survey also reveals a sharp divide on public views regarding abortion. For example, the study had twenty-two percent of the respondents saying that under any circumstances, abortion ought to be legal. On the other hand, a further 62 percent of the respondents were of the opinion that abortion only needs to be legalized under certain circumstances. The other 15% of the study’s respondents were of the pinion that under no circumstances should abortion be legalized. It is important to note that for nearly 3decades now, there has been only a slight change on these percentages. The survey also helped to reveal a sharp divide among the respondents on the role of the government in funding for overseas voluntary abortions. For example, 46 percent of the Americans are opposed to the i nvolvement of the U. S. government in helping to fund the procurement of voluntary abortions in the developing economies, upon request. However, 32 percent of the respondents said that they would support the provision of funds to support family planning in these developing economies by the U. S government. What these research findings appears to indicate is that in contradiction to conventional wisdom, the attitudes of the American public on the issues of family planning and abortion seems less closely linked. In particular, opposition to family planning is not an indication of an opposition to abortion. Attitudes and views of Danes on abortion In another study that was undertaken by Norup (1997) to investigate the attitudes of the Danish population on the issue of abortion, 85 percent of the study’s respondents fully supported the Danish Abortion Act. According to this Act, an abortion may be legally procured up to the 12 week of pregnancy. On the other hand, 13 percent of t he respondents to the study said that under all situations, they would accept abortion, while 2.4 percent said that they would not accept abortion under any circumstances. There was also a strong correlation between on the one hand, religious confession and how attached the respondents were to their practiced faith and on the other hand, their levels of acceptance of the Danish Abortion Act (Norup, 1997). There was also a strong link between the level of education and the level of acceptance of the Danish Abortion Act. For example, ninety-five percent of the study’s respondents who had a high school education and above were in support of the Abortion Act.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Age of the respondents also had a significant influence on the decision to either support or opposes abortion. For example, a majority of the respondents between the ages of 36 and 45 years were pro-choice (Norup, 1997). Political affiliations and sex also had an impact on the decision to support of opposes abortion. For example, liberal males were more likely to support right wing parties and were also likely to oppose abortion. Attitudes of women on abortion In their study, Faria, Barrett and Goodman (1985) sought to explore the social networks, attitudes and decision making of women seeking for abortion services in 1 family planning agency and 2 outpatient abortion clinics located in South Central Kansas. According to the findings of the study, the women interviewed did not demonstrate difficulties in reaching on a decision to seek for abortion provision. However, women who were non-protestants, non-white, had less- educated, less income, were deficient in terms of a supportive s ocial network and likely to be young were at a higher risk of being faced with exceedingly several conflicts on the pathway to deciding on if they should procure an abortion, or oppose it. Intervening on the problem of abortion Having established that the issue of abortion traverses the societal, geographic, age, gender, sex and political inclinations, it is important that we endeavor to take into account these issues when identifying an approach to intervene on the problem. Accordingly, one approach may suit a particular section of the society, and not another. We need to consider the views and attitudes of the concerned parties prior to the intervention. In this case, the attitudes and views of the various individuals appear to differ from one region to another. For example, in the study undertaken by Norup (1997) on the attitudes and views of the Danes regarding the issue of abortion, the Danish Abortion Act and the religious affiliations of the study’s respondents had an influence on the answers that they gave to the study’s questionnaire. Separately, the Gallup Poll conducted in the U.S indicated that nearly 85 percent of the Americans supported abortion (Saad, 2003). Age is also another factor to take into account while intervening on the problem. This is because there is a variation in terms of those who are pro-choice and those who are pro-life from one age group to another. The underlying issues that informed such a trend need to be unearthed so that the intervention strategy can be a success. An intervention strategy shall also be informed by the attitudes and views of the health care providers who are directly involved in helping to procure an abortion. Therefore, their views needs to be sought because they are the ones who are practically involved directly carrying out of the abortion due to potential practical consequences in future. It is also important to consider the views of the mother, and the decision process that they are like ly to be faced with in deciding on whether or not to procure an abortion. This is because ultimately, mothers are the ones on the receiving ends when it comes to the debate of whether abortion should be legalized or not. In case policy makers fail to consider the views and opinions of the mother, the implemented rules on abortion are likely to be faced with resistance from this group. It is also important to consider the political inclinations of the members of the society since this cast as an indicator of the position that the individuals in question are most likely to take, that is, whether pro-choice, or pro-life. On the basis of the foregoing arguments, an intervention strategy on the issue of abortion calls for collaboration among the various groups of individuals such as religious groups, policy makers, medical practitioners, the public, mothers, and the youth, among others. Once the views and opinions of all these diverse groups have been complied, there arises the need to e nsure that the intervention strategy adopted is within the established laws of the land. Conclusion Abortion is a social problem that impacts on individuals from diverse cultural, religious and political affiliations. Various research studies and opinion polls have been conducted to assess the view and attitudes of different individuals on the issues of abortion. The study findings have revealed deviations in the opinions and attitudes of different individuals on the basis of their gender, political affiliations, sex, and professionalism. In addition, there is diversity with regard to the views and attitudes on abortion among individuals on the basis of their geographical regions, age, sex, gender, level of education, and professionalism. Therefore, it is important to explore the views and opinions of all these diverse groups of individuals so that a sustainable intervention approach to this problem can be reached. Reference List Faria, G., Barrett, E., Goodman, L. M. (1985). Women and abortion: attitudes, social networks, decision-making. Health Care, 11(1): 85-99 Gleeson, R., Forde, E., Bates, E., Powell, S., Eadon-Jones, E., Draper, H. (2007). Medical students’ attitudes towards abortion: a UK study. Med Ethics, 34, pp. 783-787 Lamanna, M. A., Reidmann, A. (2008). Marriages and Families: Making Choices in a Diverse Society. Stamford, Mass: Cengage Learning Norup, M. (1997). Attitudes towards abortion in the Danish population.  Bioethics, 11(5):439-49. Saad, L. (2003). Percentage of U. S. Adults approving of abortion under certain circumstances. Gallup Poll, Jan 10-12, 2003. This essay on Social Problem: Abortion was written and submitted by user Chace V. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Franchise Business Ownership Essay Example

Franchise Business Ownership Essay Example Franchise Business Ownership Essay Franchise Business Ownership Essay Franchise Business Ownership Name: Course: Institution: : Instructor: Date: Executive Summary Franchise is a business method that incorporates marketing strategies for the sake of rapid expansion of various business ventures. Business franchisors are independent entities in the market that develop outlets, or franchisees and offer to brand them with their id entity and give them a trademark logo. In return, the franchisees are supposed to sign the franchise agreement that stipulates the way they will run their businesses, and this should be done in the presence of the lawyer of the franchisee. Therefore, they must adhere to the business practices of the franchisors to sustain their legal relationship. In most cases, the business practices are accordant to the success of the business. The franchisors also give the outlet businesses the right to sell their goods or services. They are well organized, and they monitor the sales of the goods or service to realize the weaknesses and improve on them. The franchisees enjoy the profits of the businesses if they follow the rules as st ipulated in the franchise contract. However, upon breach of contract, there is a threat of franchise termination where the two franchise parties cease to be partners. Although it is usually advisable for established businesses to get into a franchise contract rather than small and new ones, new business are also at a great advantage to become franchisees. However, they must make a good choice. If the franchisor has assessed the business venture and has seen potential growth, it will offer a franchise deal to the business. In addition, franchisors often have training opportunities for the owners of the new businesses that give them comprehensive insight on management and operation strategies. They also provide them with manuals that will act as references in the future. This puts the potential entrepreneurs at an advantage of knowing their competitors and assessing the risks to avoid or mitigate them in the future. In as much as franchising is feasible, there are still other alternat ives that businesses can choose for their establishment and operations, though the pros of franchising are weighty as compared to the rest. Background The Hatches Coffee Shop is a small business, which two couples, Ken and Mary Hatch want to start up and establish. Both have previously served as employees with Ken having been a caretaker for a local school in Markham for 20 years and Mary, a coffee shop attendant for 8 years. However, they do not have tangible experience in the field of management of restaurants. Ken has vague management skills on supervision considering his promotion to supervisor in the local school, in Markham, while Mary has been an employee in a coffee shop for as long as 8 years. They are very optimistic about the business venture because they need emancipation from the bondage of obtaining orders from the bosses having been employed for such a long time. The Hatches need to commence the coffee shop with minimal risks hoping to reap better benefits. They are pondering on sealing a contract with a successful Canadian Franchise nationally known as Second Cup, which was formed in 1975, Toronto. The Canadian Fra nchise has shown remarkable development with its extension of 400 outlets countrywide. It operates on a franchise fee of $ 20,000 and a promotional fee of 9% of gross sales. It is based on additional cost of $ 200,000 for equipment and other start-up costs as the total investment for an outlet in Markham. Second Cup also takes the responsibility of constructing the business building of the franchisers and rents it to them. The company offers an extensional service to the franchiser with the help of their bank if the franchiser is unable to begin with $200,000 but is dedicated to seal the deal. Here, the bank finances the remainder of what the franchiser can offer at a levied 5% upon the signing of the contract. Second Cup has a Coffee College at which it offers a three-week comprehensive course pertaining to the training of franchisers on the fundamentals of the coffee and retail business. Presently, Second Cup thrives with five Markham outlets. Problem Statement The Hatches want to be self-employed by establishing their own coffee shop with minimal risks through a franchise contract with Second Cup. They have a vague idea of management, though not substantial enough to confidently manage the coffee shop since have limited ideas in managing a restaurant. The well organized operating and monitoring system, growing coffee sales and parent company, offer opportunities for success although the Hatches are faced with many experienced future competitors in contract with Second Cup. Analysis of Firm and Industry Market Structure There are competitive coffee houses and shops and fast foods outlets that sell coffee in Markham. The form is perfect competition since there are many shops, outlets and coffee houses selling the same product. This type of form has no barriers to entry of another business involved with selling or serving coffee and it consists of many sellers and buyers while coffee remains the undifferentiated commodity. There are three Starbuck coffee houses in the region, many other independent coffee shops and other fast-food outlets selling coffee. This market form allows the Hatches to venture into the industry smoothly and share the same market as the rest. They have a stiff competitor, Starbucks, who have three coffee houses and are already franchisers with Second Cup. Key participants The key participants in the establishment of the small business are the Hatches and the Second Cup, a Canadian franchise. The Hatches are ordinary employees who are in dire need of being their own bosses by starting up the coffee shop. Despite their lack of proficiency in restaurant management, they have expressed their enthusiasm by conducting a survey on the Canadian Franchise to enable to reach a decision. The decision is based on whether to sign the franchise contract or not. Mary Hatch went a notch higher by gathering information on the Franchise Company and its need of franchisees from her boss in the coffee shop where she has been working. Second Cup has an attractive offer to his clients since it deals with promotion for the product of the small business and it takes charge of the premise of the business by building it and renting it back to the business owners. This pushes the business plan of the Hatches forward and gives them a chance to maximize all the opportunities in the area. As a franchisee, it will work to ensure that the Hatches get all the business information they need. Since Second Cup has partnerships with other coffee houses as well, it is better placed to advise the Hatches on the type of promotion strategies to apply to have a competitive advantage. The Hatches will be able to jumpstart their business growth. However, there is still a probability that Second Cup can be bought off by the Starbucks coffee houses to bend its favor towards them and, therefore, conceal necessary information from the Hatches. If the Hatches do not make the right choice concerning the contract, they will be faced with myriads of challenges that will see to it that their small business crumbles and their capital will go down the drain. Nevertheless, second cup have proven to be more promising by providing them with a financial statement sample that would give the couple a framework for a business plan. Important Trends There are important trends that the Hatches should consider before getting into the franchise agreement with Second Cup. The franchise agreement will be a bond between the Hatches and Second Cup for a successful future. It will determine the direction of the coffee shop as a small business and its beneficial outcomes. The three-week course Second Cup is offering the Hatches will enable them to go through the training process, to get insight on major business operations. There are legal implications in case of breach of contract. S.W.O.T Strength The strength of the Hatches coffee shop becoming a franchisee is the fact that they already have a clear starting point. Second Cup will ensure that they have sufficient business training and will organize a premise for them. Upon that, the Hatches Coffee Shop will run on the grounds of the franchise policies, which work to make the small business successful. Second Cup will also ensure that the hatches stick to what is best for their coffee shop when they finally start it. Therefore, the Hatches coffee shop will be treading on the right path. In addition, as a franchisee of Second Cup, the Hatches will have a business privilege of legitimately having a trademarked logo and name for the coffee shop as part of their business plan and marketing expertise. Second Cup has already considered promotion campaigns for the Hatches coffee shop. Another advantage of a franchise agreement is that the franchise company has already established the same contract with other related business like Se cond Up has with Starbucks. In case of a breach of contract, in the future the Hatches coffee shop together with Starbucks can launch complaints until there are rectifications. Weakness The weakness of this franchise contract would be unexpected investments incurred on Hatches coffee shop. In the event that Second Cup adjusts the conditions of the franchise agreement, for instance the coffee shop’s outlook and withdraws its financial assistance, the Hatches will have to meet up with the costs. This might derail their business strategies making them have a financial hiccup for utilizing a lot of money. In addition, in case of a hike in price of coffee in the future by the supplier recommended by Second Cup as per the contract, the Hatches will not be able to find a new supplier because the contract has no opening for that freedom. Hence, they will not enjoy the profits. Opportunities The franchise contract will give the Hatches an opportunity to equip themselves with business knowledge especially since they do not have adequate background on management. They will have an opportunity to assess some of the risks related to their business and conclude on how to mitigate such risks. Second Cup is offering the Hatches a three-week course at their coffee college to enlighten the couple on the fundamentals of coffee and retail business. This will keep the couple on toes concerning the competitive business environment. Threats The threat the Hatches have upon signing the franchise contract with Second Cup is franchise termination, which would happen if the Hatches do not pay royalties such as the promotion royalties as stipulated in the contract and other unpaid fees. This can be through frivolous litigation or legal release. Alternatives There are three alternatives to franchising the coffee shop. Licensing This is a situation where an entity will allow the Hatches to start up a version of its coffee shop under the Hatches name. The first advantage of this method is that the sales process and legal documentation are simple as compared to a franchise agreement. The second advantage is that in licensing, the Hatches will be able to act as an autonomous company making changes and decisions for themselves. Every operation will in line their interest, as opposed to the inflexibility that is in a franchise agreement. The other advantage is that the cost will not be as hefty as in franchising. One disadvantage is that the couple will not have the opportunity to build a brand name and establish themselves in the market through adequate advertisement as franchisees would. This will be detrimental to them because it will be their first ownership venture with inadequate experience. The second disadvantage is that with such limited experience, licensing does not give them the opportunity to go thr ough training as Second Cup does. Hence, the couple will be operating blindly without enlightenment. For lack of knowledge and direction, the coffee shop might crumble. Thirdly, the new business might develop impractical business practices. No â€Å"Fee† Route The Hatches in this case will have to look for an entity that offers no fee. The entity does not compromise profits fully but develops a transaction structure that does not resemble a franchise agreement. Therefore, the Hatches will choose either to share ownership of the coffee shop with the entity or start a dealership where the entity supplies coffee to the shop as a wholesale while the Hatches become the retailers. The advantage here is that the Hatches will be free from hefty investments like the advertising fees, royalties, training, and initial or equipment fee. The second advantage is that the Hatches will also be in a position to make business decisions autonomously. However, it also has three advantages. The first one is that the entity is not accountable for any training leaving the Hatches on the losing side because of lack of adequate skills. The second advantage is that the hatches will not have a trademarked logo and thirdly the Hatches will not have a good idea of be tter suppliers in the market. In case they do, they will have already killed their profits. Trademark License This method is almost like franchise since the entity also licenses its trademark. However, the trademark licensor does not undertake operational support or control. The advantage is that the Hatches can get the trademark and still operate autonomously. This would earn them publicity and their market would increase. Another advantage is that they will also have a relief on the cost since it does not incur royalties or training costs. Consequently, the Hatches will not be tied to only one supplier of coffee in case of rise in price by their supplier. The disadvantage of this alternative is that the Hatches will not undergo a training program, limiting their capacity to run the business. In addition, since they are incapable of making a good start, they might spoil the brand of the trademark licensor. They might not be able to control how they use the brand name. The third disadvantage is that due to lack of training, the hatches will not assess the risks in the industry and therefore lack competit5ive advantage. Recommendation For Ken and Mary Hatch, the best means to use to start up their coffee shop is to accept the franchise contract that Second Cup offers. They are in dire need of becoming entrepreneurs and on that note, franchising will be best because it offers business training, promotion through a trademark logo and premise building. They should sign the contract in the presence of a lawyer to vet the jurisdiction and confirm that the conditions are feasible. Implementation Long-term After making a choice of being a franchisee, the first step will be to sign the franchise contract in the presence of a lawyer. The franchise contract courtesy of Second Cup contains rules and regulations that will govern the partnership. It will clearly define the requirement of the coffee shop as a franchisee and the code of conduct to be adopted by the coffee shop. This will be a binding agreement between the Hatches and Second Cup that will serve as a long-term reminder for the business relationship. Since the Hatches are unable to raise the total investment cost, which is $200,000, Second Cup through its bank will accept their savings of $ 20,000 and finance the remainder at 5%. The building of the coffee shop premise by Second Cup will be another long-term venture because it will establish the location and the market. Once the building is done and the outlook is complete, the Hatches will then venture into the business. Second Cup will in turn rent the building to the Hatches The training will be vital and it is a long-term investment because the Hatches will undertake a three-week course on the fundamentals of coffee and this will give them insight. They will also develop expertise in the field of management to assess business risks and they will be positioned on the same radar as the other competitors. The training will involve business plan manuals that will give them better ideas on entrepreneurship. These ideas will be used for a long-term in the business enabling it to grow. Another long-term implementation plan will be the franchisor’s responsibility to give the coffee shop a brand or a trademark logo that will establish it among other franchisees in the same field. This will give the coffee shop permanent recognition in the market because the clients will associate it with the big brand. It might even result to a bigger business in the future. Since clients have already familiarized with the franchisor in the wide market, the Hatches will attain a reputable personality. Second Cup will also need to establish a relationship between the supplier and the Hatches. They will have to comply with the supplier chosen since Second Cup is in charge and makes the ultimate decision. Since the coffee sales are growing, the Hatches will be sure to have a successful business. They will have good savings by purchasing supplies from Second Cup. Short-term Second Cup will produce marketing expertise who will market the coffee shop in Markham. The expertise will derive unique ways of promoting the business so that the clients are aware of it as a new outlet of Second Cup. This will involve promotional campaigns and advertisements, which the Hatches will have to pay royalties according to the franchise agreement. This will be short-term since it will serve to entice the interest of the consumer and after achieving this goal, the promotion will be toned down.

All Types of Retirement Home Services India

All Types of Retirement Home Services India The largely ignored ideas of retirement homes in India has been slowly witnessing the increased among consumer across India. The senior citizens are becoming independent and financially stronger than the past. The old-aged persons are now in the search of luxurious facilities for various retirement home projects. Below are the all types of retirement homes in India: Independent Living Home: This type of homes is the oldest concept which was famous in the Indian society. Most of the persons save money in their working day for purchase of a plot and build a small to live in after retirement. With the ample of increase in real estate in India, the rising construction costs increases. But, supervising the daily construction activity was a tough task. Senior Citizen Communities: Senior citizen communities of the destinations have been now replacing the old traditional ways of living homes. Recently, most builders are dedicating senior citizen communities with a host of amenities consisting easy access to the transport, hospital, banks, and other daily necessities. Senior citizen communities are also giving adequate security and hospital services for 24-hours. They are the emotional support for the old citizens after retirement. Assisted Living Homes: With the increase of age, senior citizens need constant medical attention as well as aid. These houses are the ideas which allows elderly to live with an assistant including family member. It can be a nurse or helper. The assisted living houses are a newer concept in India but are likely to pick up in the near future. The benefit of having a medical help also decreases the traveling time to hospitals. They are very useful for people for the people who have some disabilities or health problems. Old Age Homes: Old age homes or skilled nursing care communities are usually built at a near proximity to hospitals. The old age homes have an in-house medical team checking and monitoring the health issues of the old-aged people. They are prone to infections so these old age homes. The old body is very sensitive to diseases and these old age homes act like a nursing care center. Nowadays, the convalescent home services are in joint collaboration between hospital management teams and builders. All these retirement homes in India are offering shelter to the old-aged people after retirement. India has diverse demographic conditions with different financial conditions so now retirement homes are the boom for the old-aged people.

Somalia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Somalia - Essay Example The international community has on many occasions tried to establish a democratic Somali, the most recent being the Transition Federal Government(TFG) that was overrun by the Union of Islamic Courts(UIC) in 2006. Just as in the previous administration, TFG was plagued by intense power struggles among the different factions and clans that eventually undermined its objectives of democratizing the country. Since then, Somali remains a failed state characterized by unstructured rules by Islamic factions and more piracy in the high seas (Samatar, 1991, p9). In order to transform the country from the current state to a democratic country, high sense of patriotism and nationalism among all Somali clans should be established so that they can tolerate each other and respect the rule of law. According to Laitin (1977, pp26-29), establishing a constitution that has the support of the majority people is a fundamental requirement for establishing democracy in a country. Equally important, the con stitution should be enforced by independent and strong institutional framework where rule of the land reigns over personal or specific groups.

How to find answers within your company Case Study

How to find answers within your company - Case Study Example The higher end of this tail is composed of the expert contents and lower end of the tail is composed of peer-assisted contents. The company is required to subsidize content writers through an absolute or relative reward system. The segregation of contents based on their quality is essential for improving the quality of information provided by an internal knowledge market. The quality of content improves gradually when peer comments, criticize and reorganize contents on a question. Most of the companies award points on a specific scale for the improving the quality of contents. Respect of individual’s privacy plays a significant role in the success of an internal knowledge market. The platform should allow the knowledge seeker and provide to remain anonymous. This anonymity will protect the ego of knowledge seeker and will increase the freedom of providing answers to controversial contents. There internal knowledge market can cause accumulation of knowledge for personal gains if relative performances are use to decide about the awardees. Relative incentives are given to best performers only, this can discourages knowledge sharing because peers can save best trick for competitive advantage. This can be avoided by absolute rewards where there is no loser but peers can support each other to improve personal shortcomings. The concept of internal knowledge markets is quite new and the designs of internal markets are still evolving. Different companies are migrating from traditional hierarchical knowledge market to internal knowledge markets. In the first phase of market development various implementation of the market can be studied to develop a prototype of internal knowledge market. In the second phase companies needs to design policies that can encourage knowledge sharing. It must not only be vertical or a top down knowledge flow but horizontal

Comparing John Stuart Mills The Subjection of Women and Florence Night

Comparing John Stuart Mill's The Subjection of Women and Florence Nightingale's Cassandra For thousands of years, women have struggled under the domination of men. In a great many societies around the world, men hold the power and women have to fight for their roles as equals in these patriarchal societies. Florence Nightingale wrote about such a society in her piece, Cassandra, and John Stuart Mill wrote further on the subject in his essay The Subjection of Women. These two pieces explore the same basic idea, but there are differences as well. While they both recognize its presence, Mill blames the subjection of women on custom, and Nightingale blames it on society. These appear to be different arguments, but they may be more similar than they seem. Mill’s and Nightingale’s work both have the main theme of men dominating over women. Mill introduces his work with, â€Å"the principle which regulates the existing social relations between the two sexes — the legal subordination of one sex to the other — is wrong in itself†¦and it ought to be replaced by a principle of perfect equality† (Mill 1156), letting the reader know his stance on the issue right away. Nightingale’s article also starts off with a strong statement in the form of a question. She wonders why women are given such useful gifts if utilizing them is socially unacceptable: â€Å"Why have women passion, intellect, moral activity...and a place in society where no one of the three can be exercised?† (Nightingale 1734). Although these works both have the same thread running through them, they place the blame for the occurrence in different places. In Mill’s essay, he places the blame for the suffrage of woman on custom. He says, â€Å"custom...affords i... ... sound like completely different arguments; however, they are both placing the blame on one relationship. Custom and society exist together in a dependent relationship. One cannot be without the other. Custom defines what society does, and society does what custom defines; therefore, this relationship is blamed for the subjection of women in these two pieces. They may appear to have different arguments, but they are really arguing the same thing. This enforces the ideas Mill and Nightingale convey in their work: two different things seemed to have been blamed, and yet, after further analysis, the blame ended up resting in the same place. We can conclude that the subjection of women is likely to rest on this particular relationship because both of their arguments boil down to it, and Mill’s and Nightingale’s essays are more similar than at first believed to be.

Indigo Book and Music Essay

Q1 When two organizations merge what type of structure issues doyou think might need to addressed?When Reisman was made a task to merging two organizations intoone, Indigo and Chapter both had similar organizational structure -afunctional based design.Indigo’s corporate structure, for instance consisted of departmentssuch as marketing, human resources, and retail. However, the neworganization suddenly had 90 big- box stores and close to 7,000employees. Moreover, with the take over, Indigo gained control of thenation wide.So when these two types’ organizations merge they can chose therecustomers and product mix and the assets which they have combined,the resources and the common functions which they have. They alsoset staffing numbers and decide salary levels. All customers, privateand corporate, no matter what size, are the responsibility of a localbranch. That means that even a large global customer such as Volvo ismanaged by a branch office. However, a branch office â€Å"buy in† specialist services it may need in servicing important customers likeVolvo. Each branch manger is also responsible for branch performance,which is measured by ratio of costs divided by revenues, and all thebanks branches are benchmarked against each other. if a branch startsunderperforming the regional office will offer advice and examples of what other branches have done. And to stop predatory competitionbetween its own branches, the company has set strict geographicalboundaries. Q2 What role do you think organizational structure plays in anorganization’s efficiency and effectiveness?Organizational structure is the formal arrangements of jobs within anorganization. When mangers develop or change the structure they’reengaged in organizational design. The challenge for managers is todesign an organizational structure that allows employees to effectivelyand efficiently do their work.